Monday, 9 February 2026

Understanding AI Agents and MCP (BLOG 1 OF 4)

 What They Are and Why They Matter for Business Central


Introduction

The world of enterprise software is being reshaped by AI agents. Imagine telling your ERP system, in plain English, to look up a customer, check inventory levels, or create a sales order. No clicking through menus, no memorizing page names, just a natural conversation that gets work done.

In this first post of our four-part series, we cover the foundational concepts: what AI agents are, how the Model Context Protocol (MCP) works, and why these matter for anyone working with Dynamics 365 Business Central.


What Are AI Agents?

An AI agent is a software program powered by a large language model (LLM) that can understand instructions, reason about tasks, and take actions on your behalf. Unlike a simple chatbot that only generates text, an agent can interact with external systems, call APIs, retrieve data, and execute workflows autonomously or semi-autonomously.


Key Characteristics

        Reasoning: They understand natural language, maintain context across a conversation, and can break complex requests into smaller steps.

        Tool Use: They can call external tools, APIs, databases, and services to perform real work, not just talk about it.

        Planning: They decompose a high-level goal (e.g., “create a sales order”) into sub-tasks (find customer, find item, create header, add line).

        Human-in-the-Loop: For sensitive actions like creating or deleting records, agents ask for explicit user confirmation before proceeding.


Agents vs. Chatbots vs. Copilots

 

Chatbot

Copilot

Agent

Interaction

Q&A only

Suggests & assists

Plans & executes

Tool Access

None

Limited

Full (APIs, DBs)

Autonomy

None

Low

High (with guardrails)

Example

FAQ bot

GitHub Copilot

BC MCP Agent

 

Why Agents Matter for Business Central

Business Central is a powerful ERP, but navigating its rich feature set often requires training and familiarity. AI agents lower the barrier by letting users interact with BC through conversation. A project manager can ask for a budget-vs-actual report, a warehouse worker can check stock levels, and a finance lead can review outstanding invoices, all without opening a single BC page.

The critical enabler for this is a standardized way for agents to discover and call BC’s capabilities. That is exactly what the Model Context Protocol provides.


What Is the Model Context Protocol (MCP)?

MCP is an open API standard, originally championed by Anthropic, that defines how AI applications discover, describe, and invoke operations on external services. Think of it as a universal adapter between any AI client (Claude, Copilot, a custom agent) and any backend system (Business Central, GitHub, Salesforce, etc.).

How MCP Works

The protocol follows a four-step pattern:

1.    Discovery – The AI client connects to an MCP server and asks: “What tools do you offer?”

2.    Description – The MCP server responds with a list of tools, their parameters, and plain-English descriptions.

3.    Invocation – Based on the user’s request, the AI selects the right tool, fills in parameters, and calls it.

4.    Response – The MCP server executes the operation and returns the result to the AI client.

This self-describing, plug-and-play architecture means agents do not need hardcoded knowledge of every API endpoint. They dynamically learn what is available and how to use it at runtime.


MCP vs. Traditional API Integration

Aspect

Traditional API

MCP

Discovery

Manual documentation

Auto-discovery of tools

Integration

Custom code per system

Standardized protocol

AI Compatibility

Requires wrapper logic

Native LLM support

Operations

Fixed endpoints

Dynamic tool listing

Security

API keys / OAuth

Delegated auth + config

 

✅ Key Takeaway

MCP eliminates the need to write custom integration code for every AI client. Once a system exposes an MCP server, any MCP-compatible agent can work with it out of the box.






What’s Next?

Now that you understand agents and MCP, you are ready for Blog 2, where we dive into the Business Central MCP Server itself, what it exposes, how to enable it, and the role of the BcMCPProxy in connecting non-Copilot-Studio clients.

 

Blog Series Navigation

▶ Blog 1: Understanding AI Agents and MCP (You are here)

   Blog 2: The Business Central MCP Server

   Blog 3: Building BcMCPProxy.exe and Connecting to Claude Desktop

   Blog 4: Testing Scenarios and Best Practices

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